CARET
Refers to the weight of a diamond. Caret is often confused with size even though it is actually a measure of weight. One caret is equivalent to 200 milligrams. One caret can also be divided into 100 points. A .7caretat diamond is the same as a 75-points or 3/caretat diamond. Since larger diamonds are found less frequently in nature it is more valuable. 1-carat diamond will cost more than a 1/2-carat diamond (assuming color, clarity and cut remain constant). Cut and mounting can make a diamond appear larger (or smaller) than its actual weight.
CLARITY
Refers to the presence of inclusions in a diamond. Nature forms every diamond as unique as every person ever born. Diamonds have naturally occurring features known as inclusions. Inclusions are ranked on a scale of perfection, known as clarity, which was established by the Gemological Institute of America (GIA). The clarity scale, ranging from F (Flawless) to Included (I), is based on the visibility of inclusions at a magnification of 10x. The greater a diamond's clarity, the more brilliant, valuable and rare it is.
COLOR
Refers to the degree to which a diamond is colorless. Diamonds are found in almost every color of the rainbow, but white-colored diamonds remain most popular. Diamonds are graded on a color scale established by the Gemological Institute of America (GIA) which ranges from D (colorless) to Z. Nature has also created diamonds in intense shades of blue, green, yellow, orange, pink or the rarest of all is red. These diamonds are called colored fancies and are extremely rare and highly treasured.
CUT
Refers to the angles and proportions of a diamond. It takes a master cutter to reveal the stones true brilliance, fire and ultimate beauty. Based on scientific formulas, a well-cut diamond will internally reflect light from one mirror-like facet to another and disperse and reflect it through the top of the stone. This results in a display of brilliance and fire, thereby placing well-cut diamonds more valuable than deep or shallow-cut diamonds. Diamonds that are cut too deep or too shallow lose or leak light through the side or bottom, resulting in less brilliance and ultimately, value.
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